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<td class="pageTitle" nowrap="true">Discipline: 项目管理</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">此规程注重项目计划、风险管理、监视进度和度量值</td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Relationships</div>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Reference Workflows</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<li>
<a href="./../../rup/capabilitypatterns/project_management_FC6669AF.html" guid="{EA0C1D32-E39A-4D96-B956-E178DB776A96}">项目管理</a>
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<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Tasks</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/lifecycle_milestone_review_B4D90641.html" guid="{E611CCFD-E4C5-408E-9B0E-46B2A3D01290}">Lifecycle Milestone Review</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/prepare_for_phase_closeout_17FE85E9.html" guid="{F479892D-8ACC-46BD-82C4-24BBF11E2502}">Prepare for Phase Close-Out</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/prepare_for_project_closeout_4646DA4.html" guid="{0DBA2A7C-B5FA-45D8-8FE3-EAD097A2C023}">Prepare for Project Close-Out</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/project_acceptance_review_6DB7AB7C.html" guid="{9BA5BD55-B134-4623-BAE1-542121869849}">Project Acceptance Review</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/pra_project_review_939320AA.html" guid="{81CEAF8A-0F13-4972-8E23-38ABA25DFB2E}">Project Review Authority (PRA) Project Review</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/handle_exceptions_and_problems_C64D3CB1.html" guid="{E497E75A-2E69-474E-A814-42BBD8081D1F}">Handle Exceptions and Problems</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/monitor_project_status_1A73CCB1.html" guid="{A7E3EAB8-8E5A-408C-B1EF-3CD3D3B0DEDD}">Monitor Project Status</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/report_status_8FAC706D.html" guid="{F77A1270-3F63-4B44-894D-37316D046445}">报告状态</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/conduct_review_1D8A70F8.html" guid="{01C0BC09-C421-438A-B4C4-351C46A244C9}">执行评审</a>
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<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/organize_review_3DD2D5E0.html" guid="{F080799F-6A5B-40B9-ACB1-654A7741CADD}">组织评审</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/iteration_acceptance_review_2F196C3B.html" guid="{D3706FBF-E3EA-42E7-8D2E-7C9112506703}">Iteration Acceptance Review</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/iteration_evaluation_criteria_review_552BE363.html" guid="{4C2F0277-EA66-4C98-8351-17E32D3C9BAA}">迭代评估条件评审</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/acquire_staff_1B59DBA8.html" guid="{D6A30168-ECF2-40C0-AA8B-68462B3F193B}">获得工作人员</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/assess_iteration_342C29D1.html" guid="{DBD235AB-EEEF-4C9E-A83E-5B87DAD70E33}">评估迭代</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/initiate_iteration_E2241E8B.html" guid="{50A77708-4FD4-42F5-B6D1-4DC751C7EBBE}">启动迭代</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/iteration_plan_review_6D20D94.html" guid="{6E82748E-E207-4D75-B38A-EDB9A53CDBAD}">迭代计划评审</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_business_case_F985B634.html" guid="{F7A5D34A-A8B1-466D-BE41-FFCD41B4430D}">开发商业理由</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_iteration_plan_144CF253.html" guid="{50EDC6A8-97B0-46C1-9B1C-7630DE286841}">制定迭代计划</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/identify_and_assess_risks_63AEB0CC.html" guid="{1E6B4943-6C77-4AD7-A248-AFACD79A322E}">确定并评估风险</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/initiate_project_987939A6.html" guid="{7E33D69A-6388-4782-998B-30A01E665531}">启动项目</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/project_approval_review_E465DDFD.html" guid="{6B921AB1-23B3-4922-80EB-7C3C5F68C403}">项目核准评审</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/project_planning_review_DE46897A.html" guid="{EF4BAC6D-0474-4A48-96B6-CAD6FD2CE561}">项目规划评审</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/compile_software_development_plan_FADDE6C8.html" guid="{7B3D4BD7-93D5-4240-A449-47742FBB40A7}">Compile Software Development Plan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/define_monitoring_and_control_processes_6518F72E.html" guid="{F5BB31F1-F2E7-41D2-A1D6-F4FDE0932123}">Define Monitoring &amp; Control Processes</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/define_project_organization_and_staffing_490679CB.html" guid="{8158A0C5-E4B3-4B9F-9DD6-0A32EB233B87}">定义项目组织和人员配备</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_measurement_plan_16772623.html" guid="{C2E90714-D99F-40B5-BAF3-7E884CE01406}">Develop Measurement Plan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_problem_resolution_plan_E465338F.html" guid="{BA2988C4-2FC5-4C71-8EF9-8D6C233B01C2}">Develop Problem Resolution Plan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_product_acceptance_plan_49ABC905.html" guid="{4CF4F344-60E4-46C5-8A62-7008B50115A5}">Develop Product Acceptance Plan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_qa_plan_55C8F24E.html" guid="{CC2735AE-509D-4F53-A8EC-669ADF901ACF}">Develop Quality Assurance Plan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/develop_risk_management_plan_5165A57B.html" guid="{3A6EB315-2BA7-41B2-959C-26D9D2A6A339}">Develop Risk Management Plan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/plan_phases_and_iterations_2AB1A5C9.html" guid="{43005DA9-D75E-464D-8AFC-AB9CACD92626}">计划阶段和迭代</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/tasks/schedule_and_assign_work_63D7C4DF.html" guid="{972CBA81-A21B-4384-B482-3DA7D0859613}">安排和分配工作</a>
</li>
</ul>
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<div class="sectionHeading">Main Description</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
<table class="sectionTable" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="Introduction" name="Introduction"></a><a key="管理规程（management discipline）" text="用途" name="XE_management_discipline__purpose_of" id="XE_management_discipline__purpose_of" class="index"></a><a id="Purpose" name="Purpose"></a><a key="管理规程（management discipline）" text="与其他规程的关系" name="XE_management_discipline__relation_to_other_disciplines" id="XE_management_discipline__relation_to_other_disciplines" class="index"></a><a id="Relation to Other Disciplines" name="Relation to Other Disciplines"></a><a id="Further Reading" name="Further Reading"></a> 
<p>
    此部分的目标是通过为<a class="PresentationName" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_project_management_discipline_F303DA84.html" guid="_yeA1y9nmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">项目管理</a>提供某个环境，从而使任务更容易。这不是成功的诀窍，只是表示管理项目的一种方法，这能显著提高交付成功软件的几率。
</p>
<p>
    <a class="PresentationName" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_project_management_discipline_F303DA84.html" guid="_yeA1y9nmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">项目管理</a>的目的是：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        为管理软件密集型项目提供框架。
    </li>
    <li>
        为计划、配备人员、执行和监视项目提供实用指南。
    </li>
    <li>
        为管理风险提供框架。
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    但是，此 Neusoft Unified Process（NUP）规程并不试图涵盖项目管理的所有方面。例如，它<b>没有</b>涵盖的问题如下：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        管理人员：聘用、培训和指导
    </li>
    <li>
        管理预算：定义、分配等
    </li>
    <li>
        管理与供应商和客户的合同
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    此规程主要关注迭代开发流程的以下重要方面：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        风险管理
    </li>
    <li>
        针对整个生命周期和特定迭代计划迭代项目
    </li>
    <li>
        监视迭代项目的进度和度量值
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    项目管理规程提供由此创建和管理项目的框架。在此情况下，<b>所有</b>其他规程将作为项目工作的一部分加以利用：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_requirements_discipline_8EEB5209.html" guid="_ydt60dnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">需求</a>规程
    </li>
    <li>
        <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_analysis_design_discipline_29760231.html" guid="_ydt62NnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">分析与设计</a>规程
    </li>
    <li>
        <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_implementation_discipline_263E22DB.html" guid="_yd3ExNnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">实现</a>规程
    </li>
    <li>
        <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_test_discipline_9DFAFB2F.html" guid="_yd3EzdnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">测试</a>规程
    </li>
    <li>
        <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_deployment_discipline_A1C86C42.html" guid="_yd3E1NnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">部署</a>规程
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    项目管理规程是其中一个支持的流程规程，还包含以下规程：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_config_and_change_manage_discipline_CC612E7A.html" guid="_yeA1xNnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">配置与变更管理</a>规程
    </li>
    <li>
        <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../rup/disciplines/rup_environment_discipline_41478973.html" guid="_yeKmwtnmEdmO6L4XMImrsA">环境</a>规程
    </li>
</ul>
<h3>
    <a id="Further Reading" name="Further Reading">进一步阅读 Project Management Institute 的 Project Management Body of
    Knowledge</a>
</h3>
<p>
    我们的目标并不是在 NUP 中展示关于项目管理的完整教程。而只是描述与软件开发方法直接相关的子集，该子集范围外的某些主题（如上所述）只稍带提及或完全省略掉。此处描述的项目管理方法已受到 Project Management
    Institute 的 Project Management Body of Knowledge（PMBOK&reg;）的影响，因此读者应查阅这本书，以获取项目管理中常用最佳实践的所有情况。可访问 <a href="http://www.pmi.org" target="_blank">www.pmi.org</a> 获取这些信息。Project Management
    Institute（PMI&reg;）是项目管理领域的非赢利性专业组织；该组织建立了项目管理标准并提供专业认证。
</p><br />
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<div class="sectionHeading">More Information</div>
<div class="sectionContent">
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<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Concepts</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/concepts/organizational_context_for_the_rational_unified_process_3A7C1898.html" guid="1.2941484384720074E-305">Rational Unified Process 的组织环境</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../base_concepts/guidances/concepts/iteration_441A13D7.html" guid="3.379871268737602E-305">迭代</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/concepts/risk_7A001372.html" guid="5.120819940832181E-305">风险</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<th class="sectionTableHeading" scope="row">Guidelines</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../rup/guidances/guidelines/important_decisions_in_project_management_59117D8B.html" guid="1.1488032793761973E-305">项目管理中的重要决策</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
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<td class="copyright">Copyright &copy; 2008 版权所有 东软集团股份有限公司&nbsp; 联系邮箱:<a href="mailto:tcoe@neusoft.com">tcoe@neusoft.com</a></td>
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